Central Asian Republics Regional Program
The five Central Asian republics of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan all have relatively low adult HIV prevalence rates of 0.3 percent or less. However, the high prevalence of HIV found in vulnerable populations suggests the region is on the verge of an expanded epidemic. The use of nonsterile injecting drug equipment is the primary mode of transmission in much of Central Asia. HIV prevalence rates among injecting drug users (IDUs) reach 17.6 and 14.3 percent nationally in Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan, respectively. In Uzbekistan, 11 percent of IDUs are HIV positive nationally, according to the 2010 Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic by the United Nations Joint Program on HIV/AIDS. Sexual transmission of HIV is also increasing throughout the region, with sex workers and their clients and the sexual partners of IDUs at greatest risk. As of 2009, approximately 60,400 people living in Central Asia were HIV positive.
USAID provides bilateral HIV/AIDS support to each of the Central Asian republics. In Kazakhstan, USAID provides assistance to a pilot program in Almaty to assist with management of HIV-TB co-infection. In Kyrgyzstan, USAID, the World Bank, and the United Kingdom’s Department for International Development supported the organization and delivery of training workshops for organizations that are implementing HIV/AIDS prevention projects in the northern part of the country. In Tajikistan, regular monitoring of HIV-tuberculosis services integration was conducted with USAID technical assistance. In Turkmenistan, USAID continued supporting a youth center in Ashgabat and opened a second one in Dashoguz. In Uzbekistan, USAID, in collaboration with the World Bank, supported development of a national team of mahalla (community-based organizations) trainers in five pilot areas to conduct education sessions among the general population.
View the full USAID HIV/AIDS Health Profile for Central Asian Republics – January 2011 [PDF,
289KB].
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