Project title: Women in development indefinite quantity contract (WID IQC), task order no. 2: Anti-trafficking activities task order (ATTO)

Project title: Environmental education and communication (GreenCOM)

This synthesis paper provides an introduction to female genital cutting (FGC), a traditional practice that involves the physical alteration of the female genitalia. It presents three highly successful approaches to ending FGC implemented in Egypt, The Gambia, and Senegal and provides lessons learned and recommendations for future FGC programming. The paper is one of several analytical documents synthesizing the findings across "Promoting Women in Development" (PROWID) projects and their implications within the various themes.

This report analyzes the strengths and weaknesses of the process of gender integration in Egypt under the Bridge Strategy and provides a preliminary presentation of evidence for the importance of addressing gender inequality in Cairo Initiative program areas.

USAID/Egypt undertook a gender assessment as part of its strategic review of its support to the Government of Egypt to control the spread of Avian Influenza (AI) in poultry and avoid human infection. The analysis focuses on understanding the underlying gender issues related to AI, especially in terms of food security, child malnutrition, poverty, and human infection. It also provides recommendations to take account of gender in future AI-related activities.

The USAID-funded Integrated Reproductive Health Services Project conducts community-level training to increase knowledge of, and change attitudes towards, specific health practices such as female genital cutting (FGC). Included in community training programs are male and female religious leaders, literacy facilitators, health and community outreach workers, and agricultural extension workers. The trainings empower individuals to function as agents of change and ensure that community members hear consistent health messages from various sources.